Nature. 2026 Mar; 651(8107): 995-1003

Roland Heynkes 11.4.2026, CC BY-SA-4.0 DE

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NR BACT

AU William A. Marsh, Lachie Scarsbrook, Eren Yüncü, Lizzie Hodgson, Audrey T. Lin, Maria De Iorio, Olaf Thalmann, Mark G. Thomas, Mahaut Goor, Anders Bergström, Angela Noseda, Sarieh Amiri, Fereidoun Biglari, Dušan Boric, Katia Bougiouri, Alberto Carmagnini, Maddalena Giannì, Tom Higham, Ophelie Lebrasseur, Anna Linderholm, Marcello A. Mannino, Caroline Middleton, Gökhan Mustafaoglu, Angela Perri, Joris Peters, Mike Richards, Özlem Saritas, Pontus Skoglund, Rhiannon E. Stevens, Chris Stringer, Kristina Tabbada, Helen M. Talbot, Laura G. Van der Sluis, Silvia M. Bello, Vesna Dimitrijevic, Louise Martin, Marjan Mashkour, Simon A. Parfitt, Sonja Vukovic, Selina Brace, Oliver E. Craig, Douglas Baird, Sophy Charlton, Greger Larson, Ian Barnes, Laurent A.F. Frantz

TI Dogs were widely distributed across western Eurasia during the Palaeolithic

QU Nature. 2026 Mar; 651(8107): 995-1003. doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10170-x. Epub 2026 Mar 25

AB Archaeological evidence suggests that dogs diverged from wolves during the Palaeolithic, more than 15,000 years ago [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. The earliest unequivocal genetic evidence, however, is associated with dog remains from Mesolithic archaeological contexts approximately 10,900 years ago [8,9]. Here we generate both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes from canid remains at Pinarbasi in Türkiye (15,800 years ago) [10] and Gough’s Cave in the UK (14,300 years ago) [11], as well as from dogs excavated from two Mesolithic sites in Serbia (Padina between [11],500–7,900 years ago and Vlasac 8,900 years ago) [12,13}. Our analyses indicate that a genetically homogeneous dog population was already widely distributed across Europe and Anatolia during the Late Upper Palaeolithic (by at least 14,300 years ago). This finding suggests that dogs were exchanged among genetically and culturally distinct western Eurasian Late Palaeolithic human populations, namely the Magdalenian, Epigravettian and Anatolian hunter-gatherers [10,14,15,16]. Last, we identify a major influx of eastern Eurasian dog ancestry during the Mesolithic, concomitant with the movement of eastern hunter-gatherer populations into Europe [14], which led to the establishment of the primary ancestry characteristics that define European dog populations today.

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