NR ZDQR

AU Kunst,W.; Reuter,G.

TI The Frequent Occurrence of Hemorrhages in the Bovine Mesentery Lymph-Nodes

QU Fleischwirtschaft 1994 May ;74(5):554-557

PT journal article

AB Haemorrhages in the intestinal lymph nodes of slaughter cattle from the former GDR have up to now been categorized as ''slaughter haemorrhages'' unconnected with diseases. Possible diagnostic alternatives would be bound to lead to more far- reaching consequencies at meat inspection. Systematic topographical and histological investigations should help to throw light on the causes of these haemorrhages The intestinal convolutions of bulls from the former GDR and also of and calves from the former West Germany were sampled from normal kills. The bulls had sometimes been stunned with a captive and sometimes, like the cows and calves, been slaughtered according to Mosaic or Moslem rituals. In the calves the lymph nodes were usually found to be free of haemorrhages but the irregular haemorrhages of varying degrees in bulls and cows had to be more precisely recorded. All the jejunal nodes, the NII. caecales and the NII. colici, were examined to this end. The extent and intensity of the red stains on the cut surfaces along the lymph nodes were determined. An evaluation process was constructed for the large number of jejunal lymph nodes so that the animals could be compared one with another. By means of this a value described as ''degree of red staining'' could be assigned to each animal on a scale from zero to 300. Tests were also made to determine whether a certain section of the jejunum was the one mainly affected. - Lymph nodes with haemorrhages of various intensity were examined histologically with 5 different stains, and in the case of 10 animals with predominantly heavy red stains riot only the lymph nodes but also the corresponding jejunum sections were investigated. - The frequency and/or intensity of the red stains was greatest in the case of the bulls stunned with a captive bolt, followed by the ritually slaughtered bulls and then the cows. In the case of the bulls stunned with a captive bolt only a third of the cut surfaces were free from haemorrhages, whilst with the ritually slaughtered bulls almost half and with the cows four fifths were free. Haemorrhages which covered more than half the periphery of the cut surfaces (serious haemorrhages) were present at a level of 10.6% of cut surfaces in the captive bolt stunned bulls and 0.8% in the ritually slaughtered bulls and were not found at all in the cows. - The accumulation of haemorrhages in certain areas of the small intestines was only found in cows in the cranial area. The degree of red staining of the intestinal lymph nodes was not found to be dependent on slaughter weight any more than it was on transport conditions, stress or length of time the animals were in lairage before slaughter. No difference was found as regards the possible effects of feeding in summer or in winter. It is suspected however that feeding has an influence as the mean values for degrees of red staining in bulls from private owners were more than half as low as in bulls from large government fattening units. Histologically blood resorption, indications of inflammatory and toxic causes and signs of chronic inflammation could be established together. Only 5.0 % of the animals examined showed clear signs of blood resorption, but in three quarters of the animals there were definite histopathological changes which could be attributed to inflammatory or toxic causes; in these cases acute or subacute lymphadenitis simplex was diagnosed. Signs of chronic inflammation were recorded in 87.5% of the animals examined. All the intestines examined indicated acute to subacute Enteritis catarrhal diffusa. In animals in which the intestinal lymph nodes have extensive and serious haemorrhages, if the number of bloody jejunal lymph nodes and in these the proportion of bloody areas predominate as against tissue that appears unaltered. then according to existing legislation, a bacteriological examination would have to be introduced. Classification as ''slaughter haemorrhages'' unconnected with disease is no longer permissible. The lymph nodes and intestines of these animals should be judged as ''unfit''. The obligatory cutting of the intestinal lymph nodes in the should again be provided for. When examining randomly sampled cattle for residues, in accordance with the meat hygiene regulations, animals with serious haemorrhages in the intestinal lymph nodes should particularly be included

SP englisch

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